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Hitters set up with the face more and more closed the longer the shot to compensate for this laying back. On the other hand swingers who use horizontal hinging set up with the face more and more open the longer the shot to compesate for the closing through impact.
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that is pretty close to accurate...
Hitters setup with more of a closed face the LONGER THE CLUB, NOT THE SHAFT.
Swingers DO NOT setup with the clup open AT ALL unless they want too.
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Now i will help clarify. First there are 3 types of HINGE ACTION:
Horizontal
Angled
Vertical
I'm not really going to go into much detail of each hinge because there is plenty of info already here that you can read and learn. I would first check out this 3D animation that our resdient Mathew created here:
http://www.lynnblakegolf.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=560
Also i would advise checking out the Tom Tomasello tape on hinging here:
http://www.lynnblakegolf.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=677
(i'd also check out all the other tom tomasello tapes as well)
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Swingers tend to use horizontal hinging. Horizontal hinging works like a normal door does, it simply opens and closes on a single fixed pin. The swinging OPENS the club in the backswing, hits the ball with a slightly open clubface, the face squares up during impact, and it CLOSES going back up the plane. Horizontal also produces a "hooded" or "delofting" effect as well. This gives a lower initial trajectory and often the longest shot and also usually produces either a straight shot or a small draw which produces a some roll on landing.
Hitters tend ot use angled hinging. For an explanation on how angled hinging work, please look at the animation because i can't really describe it better than what the animation shows. However i can tell you WHY angled hinging leads to a fade.
Angled hinging tends toward fading because the face doesn't "fully close" during impact like horizontal hinging does. The angled hinge CLOSES AND LAYS BACK SIMULTANEOUSLY instead of closing and hooding like horizontal hinging does. Due to this "layback" (unfinished closing effect) the ball tends to fade because it didn't square up totally through impact. Also, since angled hinging doesn't hood the club like horizontal hinging does, it creates a HIGHER initial flight.
Vertical hinging is a hinge where the clubFACE stays perpendicular to the plane. After impact the face doesn't close at all, it stays square to the perpendicular to the plane. Check out the animation and the video for an example.
Hope that helps.