what would cause my left shoulder to spin out early in the downswing? also what what cause my left arm to break down early in the follow through?
Hard to say without seeing your motion, but here are a few places to check....likely your right hip is getting in your way.
First place to look is setup, check your shoulder alignment isn't open or ball position isn't too far forward and that you have a good grip.
Second, would be your takeaway - likely you are off plane very early, potentially too inside, turning the clubface too open.
Third would be your flexibility and turn - chances are good that you are not maintaining a good relationship between your hands and chest, lifing your arms and/or overswinging.
Fourth place would be your transition, send the right shoulder 'down' plane, towards the ball, feel your back stays towards the target as your hands drop 'down'.
For drills, see the EdZ drills in the drills section, and I would also recommend the left foot only, right foot back up on your toes (so a line from your left heel to your right toes would be about 45 degrees closed to the target line). Focus on hitting the inside corner of the ball.
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what would cause my left shoulder to spin out early in the downswing? also what what cause my left arm to break down early in the follow through?
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The HIPS should "lead and pull the shoulders coming down."(HIP ACTION) Work on your sequencing, and get your PIVOT LAG correct coming down.
The left arm is probably breaking down because these things(above) are off, and causing an unintentional plane shift, as discussed in 10-F-7.
Once you get the Zone 1 good, you can go back to Zone 3, if you are a HANDS CONTROLLED PIVOT player, but monitor Zone 1 in practice, making sure it is good.
You probably have a sense of whether these things apply to you.