[tongzilla]

When using the TSP, assuming you want some elbow bend at impact, seems like you have a choice of having either the trail shoulder or forearm on the same plane as the shaft at impact. Which one is it? Why?

The second and third picture (from the left) are both correct. Just different body types and/or different amount of Axis Tilt.

You always want the entire Right Forearm (which includes the Right Elbow) to be On Plane at Impact giving you maximum support and minimizing Impact deceleration during this violent collision. This will almost certainly mean having the Right Shoulder slightly above Plane. There is absolutely no problem with that (10-13-D).
The more Right Elbow bend you have during Impact, the more likely you are using a shallower Plane Angle (e.g. Elbow Plane or Hands Only Plane), and the more above Plane your Right Shoulder becomes. When using the Turned Shoulder Plane, your Right Elbow should only have a slight bend at Impact, therefore your Right Shoulder will only be slightly above Plane.



The red line represents the Turned Shoulder Plane, which was drawn through the Right Shoulder joint when Lynn was at the Top. The tiny blue dot represents his Right Shoulder, which is clearly above Plane.